Selective Conversion from p-Type to n-Type of Printed Bottom-Gate Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film Transistors and Application in Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Inverters.
Xu Q., Zhao J., Pecunia V., Xu W., Zhou C., Dou J., Gu W., Lin J., Mo L., Zhao Y., Cui Z.
The fabrication of printed high-performance and environmentally stable n-type single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) transistors and their integration into complementary (i.e., complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor, CMOS) circuits are widely recognized as key to achieving the full potential of carbon nanotube electronics. Here, we report a simple, efficient, and robust method to convert the polarity of SWCNT thin-film transistors (TFTs) using cheap and readily available ethanolamine as an electron doping agent. Printed p-type bottom-gate SWCNT TFTs can be selectively converted into n-type by deposition of ethanolamine inks on the transistor active region via aerosol jet printing. Resulted n-type TFTs show excellent electrical properties with an on/off ratio of 106, effective mobility up to 30 cm2 V-1 s-1, small hysteresis, and small subthreshold swing (90-140 mV dec-1), which are superior compared to the original p-type SWCNT devices. The n-type SWCNT TFTs also show good stability in air, and any deterioration of performance due to shelf storage can be fully recovered by a short low-temperature annealing. The easy polarity conversion process allows construction of CMOS circuitry. As an example, CMOS inverters were fabricated using printed p-type and n-type TFTs and exhibited a large noise margin (50 and 103% of 1/2 Vdd = 1 V) and a voltage gain as high as 30 (at Vdd = 1 V). Additionally, the CMOS inverters show full rail-to-rail output voltage swing and low power dissipation (0.1 μW at Vdd = 1 V). The new method paves the way to construct fully functional complex CMOS circuitry by printed TFTs.